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苹果的损失:总有一天,你们会想念斯科特•福斯特尔(Scott Forstall)!

Danny翻译,Danny发布英文 ; 2012-11-01 17:01 阅读次 
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苹果的损失:总有一天,你们会想念斯科特•福斯特尔(Scott Forstall)!周一,苹果宣布iOS软件高级副总裁斯科特•福斯特尔(Scott Forstall)离职(欲知详情,请阅读《库克炒高管,苹果疑似“去乔布斯化”:人事大震荡可能重伤苹果的10个理由》)。消息一出,立即引来外界纷纷反应无数,比较具有讽刺意味的是,大多数评论都带着开心的情绪,似乎人们对于斯科特的离职感到十分高兴。但是,各位别忘了,他也曾是将苹果变成世界最强大科技公司的幕后领导团队成员之一。

据《纽约时报》(The New York Times)消息称:工作上,福斯特尔很不乐于与人合作(可是乔布斯也曾被这样评论过)。甚至在前不久苹果“地图门”事件爆发后,拒绝在CEO蒂姆•库克(Tim Cook)亲笔书写的致歉信上签名。也有消息人称,在苹果公司内部,一些员工不约而同的为斯科特的离职“安静地欢呼”。同时,大伙儿将厚望完全寄托于负责产品硬件设计的乔尼•伊夫(Jony Ive)身上。他们希望从此以后苹果产品更加流线形、更加理想化,用户界面更具品位,从此结束斯科特一贯挚爱的“大同小异”时代,那些设计就像众多毫无新意的iOS应用程序一般。

实际上,福斯特尔绝对不是只简简单单将“日历”和“联系人”做出来了而已。很多人只把眼光放在这些小细节,反而忽略了他为苹果服务15年间曾领导团队完成的里程碑项目——桌面变革和移动计算。以下几方面着重分析斯科特在苹果团队这些年做出的最突出五大贡献,借此证明他的离职是苹果的损失。

将Unix嵌入Mac

在苹果公司收购NeXT之前,就使用它的操作系统进行自我改造。Mac OS系统是完全基于此代码基础之上的苹果再开发。

自2000年开始,苹果Mac OS X桌面操作系统就已是基于Unix开发而来。这一事件为何意义重大?因为许多程序开发人员都熟悉Unix操作系统,基于Unix系统之上,程序员可以在命令行使用标准的Unix口令。通过更大的代码可移植性,Mac OS X吸取了Unix的所有精华。例如,Unix架构模块化方式,在系统安全方面有很大保证。

苹果的雪豹系统

在开始跟着乔布斯从事首席架构师的职业生涯之后,斯科特继续领导苹果团队开发Mac OS X系统。

2006年后,Mac OS X操作系统完全由斯科特一手负责,接着便是于2007年10月推出全新的雪豹系统(OS X Leopard)。相较于上一代OS X Tiger系统,雪豹包含了300多项改进和更新,包括支持64位应用和时间机器备份。

最最重要的是,雪豹系统引进了“图片合并”(Photobooth)功能。我们都已经实实在在感受到了它是如何丰富我们生活的(就连已故前任CEO史蒂夫•乔布斯都喜欢花一些时间玩Photobooth)。

Aqua用户界面

Mac OS X操作系统的最初用户界面,叫做Aqua。

2000年1月份,Aqua首发之际,斯科特就领导完成了使Aqua变得更加完美的用户界面和图形界面。

尽管,看起来似乎多年来,苹果半透明的细条纹金属灰度配色方案和雪豹系统两大关键属性;以及按钮,快速启动和应用程序之间多任务窗口处理等等都始终坚持不变。

但是,在当年的苹果新品发布会上,说到界面设计,史蒂夫•乔布斯说了这样一句话,“如此设计的目的之一,就是让你一看见它就有想吻它的冲动。”

移动设备触摸屏技术

苹果不是开创触摸屏技术的第一人,也不是第一个生产智能手机的科技公司,但它却实实在在堪称智能手机触摸屏技术产业的先锋。

在谈到去年8月苹果VS三星审判案,苹果是否有过重新设计操作体验的话题时,斯科特说:“开发iOS系统,做出的最大改变之一便是将过去我们依赖鼠标和键盘进行操作,而现在,用户只需在触摸屏上便可轻松完成所有操作。为了这个目标,我们必须反复再思考,比如大控制器做成什么样,文件设置放哪儿,当你打开列表,等等……为了做出触摸屏,大大小小每一部分都需要重新思考。”

安卓(Android)?

“假如必要,只要我还有一口气在,我一定不惜花掉苹果存在银行的400亿美元,来纠正这个重大的错误。”这句话是2010年首批安卓智能手机进入大众视线的时候,乔布斯的义愤填膺。“我要毁掉安卓,因为它是一件彻彻底底的剽窃作品。为了这个目标,我不怕发动战争。”

苹果一直坚称Google剽窃iOS。主管市场营销的苹果副总裁菲利浦•施勒尔(Phil Schiller)曾大放厥词,“你们窃取了我们创造的每一份价值。”甚至在微软发布新品手机Windows Phone 8的时候,微软副总裁乔•贝尔菲奥里(Joe Belfiore)也说,“手机界面完全依照苹果和iPhone的标准,而且iPhone确实被Android抄袭了。”

那么,如果Android确实剽窃iOS,随后加以扩展改动,我们依然得感谢斯科特。因为有了他,我们才有了当今世界最伟大的二大手机操作系统。

感谢你,斯科特!

苹果的损失:总有一天,你们会想念斯科特•福斯特尔(Scott Forstall)!周一,苹果宣布iOS软件高级副总裁斯科特•福斯特尔(Scott Forstall)离职(欲知详情,请阅读《库克炒高管,苹果疑似“去乔布斯化”:人事大震荡可能重伤苹果的10个理由》)。消息一出,立即引来外界纷纷反应无数,比较具有讽刺意味的是,大多数评论都带着开心的情绪,似乎人们对于斯科特的离职感到十分高兴。但是,各位别忘了,他也曾是将苹果变成世界最强大科技公司的幕后领导团队成员之一。

据《纽约时报》(The New York Times)消息称:工作上,福斯特尔很不乐于与人合作(可是乔布斯也曾被这样评论过)。甚至在前不久苹果“地图门”事件爆发后,拒绝在CEO蒂姆•库克(Tim Cook)亲笔书写的致歉信上签名。也有消息人称,在苹果公司内部,一些员工不约而同的为斯科特的离职“安静地欢呼”。同时,大伙儿将厚望完全寄托于负责产品硬件设计的乔尼•伊夫(Jony Ive)身上。他们希望从此以后苹果产品更加流线形、更加理想化,用户界面更具品位,从此结束斯科特一贯挚爱的“大同小异”时代,那些设计就像众多毫无新意的iOS应用程序一般。

实际上,福斯特尔绝对不是只简简单单将“日历”和“联系人”做出来了而已。很多人只把眼光放在这些小细节,反而忽略了他为苹果服务15年间曾领导团队完成的里程碑项目——桌面变革和移动计算。以下几方面着重分析斯科特在苹果团队这些年做出的最突出五大贡献,借此证明他的离职是苹果的损失。

将Unix嵌入Mac

在苹果公司收购NeXT之前,就使用它的操作系统进行自我改造。Mac OS系统是完全基于此代码基础之上的苹果再开发。

自2000年开始,苹果Mac OS X桌面操作系统就已是基于Unix开发而来。这一事件为何意义重大?因为许多程序开发人员都熟悉Unix操作系统,基于Unix系统之上,程序员可以在命令行使用标准的Unix口令。通过更大的代码可移植性,Mac OS X吸取了Unix的所有精华。例如,Unix架构模块化方式,在系统安全方面有很大保证。

苹果的雪豹系统

在开始跟着乔布斯从事首席架构师的职业生涯之后,斯科特继续领导苹果团队开发Mac OS X系统。

2006年后,Mac OS X操作系统完全由斯科特一手负责,接着便是于2007年10月推出全新的雪豹系统(OS X Leopard)。相较于上一代OS X Tiger系统,雪豹包含了300多项改进和更新,包括支持64位应用和时间机器备份。

最最重要的是,雪豹系统引进了“图片合并”(Photobooth)功能。我们都已经实实在在感受到了它是如何丰富我们生活的(就连已故前任CEO史蒂夫•乔布斯都喜欢花一些时间玩Photobooth)。

Aqua用户界面

Mac OS X操作系统的最初用户界面,叫做Aqua。

2000年1月份,Aqua首发之际,斯科特就领导完成了使Aqua变得更加完美的用户界面和图形界面。

尽管,看起来似乎多年来,苹果半透明的细条纹金属灰度配色方案和雪豹系统两大关键属性;以及按钮,快速启动和应用程序之间多任务窗口处理等等都始终坚持不变。

但是,在当年的苹果新品发布会上,说到界面设计,史蒂夫•乔布斯说了这样一句话,“如此设计的目的之一,就是让你一看见它就有想吻它的冲动。”

移动设备触摸屏技术

苹果不是开创触摸屏技术的第一人,也不是第一个生产智能手机的科技公司,但它却实实在在堪称智能手机触摸屏技术产业的先锋。

在谈到去年8月苹果VS三星审判案,苹果是否有过重新设计操作体验的话题时,斯科特说:“开发iOS系统,做出的最大改变之一便是将过去我们依赖鼠标和键盘进行操作,而现在,用户只需在触摸屏上便可轻松完成所有操作。为了这个目标,我们必须反复再思考,比如大控制器做成什么样,文件设置放哪儿,当你打开列表,等等……为了做出触摸屏,大大小小每一部分都需要重新思考。”

安卓(Android)?

“假如必要,只要我还有一口气在,我一定不惜花掉苹果存在银行的400亿美元,来纠正这个重大的错误。”这句话是2010年首批安卓智能手机进入大众视线的时候,乔布斯的义愤填膺。“我要毁掉安卓,因为它是一件彻彻底底的剽窃作品。为了这个目标,我不怕发动战争。”

苹果一直坚称Google剽窃iOS。主管市场营销的苹果副总裁菲利浦•施勒尔(Phil Schiller)曾大放厥词,“你们窃取了我们创造的每一份价值。”甚至在微软发布新品手机Windows Phone 8的时候,微软副总裁乔•贝尔菲奥里(Joe Belfiore)也说,“手机界面完全依照苹果和iPhone的标准,而且iPhone确实被Android抄袭了。”

那么,如果Android确实剽窃iOS,随后加以扩展改动,我们依然得感谢斯科特。因为有了他,我们才有了当今世界最伟大的二大手机操作系统。

感谢你,斯科特!

Apple announced Monday that iOS chief Scott Forstall would be leaving the company. While most commenters seem happy to see him go, it’s worth noting that Apple is parting ways with one of the people who turned it into the world’s most powerful tech company.

Forstall was reportedly difficult to work with, according to The New York Times (hey, so was Steve Jobs) and even refused to sign an apology letter penned by CEO Tim Cook over the Maps debacle. News of his departure was met by “quiet jubilation” by some at Apple, according to other reports. And with Jony Ive now in charge of the look and feel of products Apple-wide, some are hoping this means a move toward more streamlined, elegant UIs for Apple and the end of the silly skeuomorphic design that Forstall reportedly preferred, like the fake stitching and leather of so many iOS apps.

But Forstall was about way, way more than just the look of Calendar and Contacts. And to focus only on those would be to ignore some landmark innovations he helped shepherd to market during his 15 years at Apple, projects that fundamentally changed both desktop and mobile computing. Here’s a look at his five greatest contributions.

Bringing Unix Support to the Mac

Before Apple acquired NeXT and used its operating system to revamp its own, Mac OS was based entirely on code developed at Apple.

Starting in 2000 with Mac OS X, Apple’s desktop operating system has been Unix-based. Why is this significant? Many developers were already familiar with the Unix operating system. With a Unix base, coders could use standard Unix commands in the command line, there was greater code portability, and Mac OS X got all of the associated benefits of Unix. For example, Unix is architected in a modular fashion, which can be beneficial when it comes to system security.

Mac OS X Leopard

After beginning his career under Steve Jobs at NeXT as one of the chief architects of the NeXTSTEP operating system, Forstall continued on to Apple to lead development of Mac OS X.

Forstall was fully responsible for Mac OS X beginning in 2006 and was responsible for the release of OS X Leopard in October 2007. It contained more than 300 improvements over its predecessor, OS X Tiger, including support for 64-bit applications and the backup service Time Machine.

Even more importantly, Leopard introduced Photobooth. And we all know how that has enhanced and enriched our lives. (Even Steve Jobs took some time to have some fun with Photobooth).

The Aqua User Interface

The original UI for Mac OS X, called Aqua.

Scott Forstall spearheaded the Aqua User Interface, the graphical UI that has graced Mac OS X since it debuted at MacWorld in January 2000.

Although the look evolved over the years, from translucent pinstripes to brushed metal to the gradient gray color scheme we’ve seen since OS X Leopard, two of its key features have persisted: gummy-like buttons (like the ones for closing a program window) and a dock for quickly launching and multitasking between applications.

At its unveiling at MacWorld, Steve Jobs said of the UI, “One of the design goals was when you saw it you wanted to lick it.”

A Touch-First Mobile Operating System

The iPhone wasn’t the first touchscreen device or even the first smartphone. But Apple did pioneer an industry-changing touch-first operating system, iOS, and Forestall led the team that developed it.

Forstall talked about what it was like rethinking the computing experience in his testimony during the Apple v. Samsung trial in early August “One of [the challenges of developing iOS] was everything we dealt with before was based on mouse and keyboard, and here we were changing the entire user interface to be based around touch,” Forstall said. “We had to rethink everything about what big controls would be, knowing where you are in the document, knowing when you reach the list…. Every single part of every device had to be rethought for doing touch.”

Android?

“I will spend my last dying breath if I need to, and I will spend every penny of Apple’s $40 billion in the bank, to right this wrong,” Jobs said when the first batch of Android smartphones landed in 2010. “I’m going to destroy Android, because it’s a stolen product. I’m willing to go thermonuclear war on this.”

Apple has since repeatedly insisted that Google’s copied iOS. “You’re stealing all the value we’ve created,” senior VP of marketing Phil Schiller said of design copycats in the industry. Even Windows Phone’s Joe Belfiore got in on the action at Monday’s Windows Phone 8 launch. “[The phone interface] was standardized by Apple and the iPhone and really it was copied by Android,” Belfiore said.

If Android did copy iOS, well then by extension, we have Forstall to thank for the world’s two most popular mobile operating systems. Thanks, Scott!


关键字: 苹果 科技行业 苹果地图 ios 智能手机 乔布斯 库克
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